For 51 years after the statute's passage, appellate courts treated the phrase 'reasonable delay' as a question of fact for the jury. Commentators have read this as judicial modesty about the limits of review. The record suggests something narrower. Among the 72 published opinions of that period, the phrase appears almost exclusively where the trial record was incomplete; where the record was full, the same courts resolved the question themselves and said so. The modesty thesis thus describes a practice of triage rather than a doctrine of deference. When procedural reform made complete records routine, the phrase left the reports within a decade.
Which one of the following most accurately expresses the main point of the passage?
The 19 colonies studied divide labor by age: workers under 18 days old tend the brood, and older workers forage. Foragers die at 8 times the rate of nurses. Three explanations have been offered - hormonal timing, accumulated damage, and colony-level allocation of risk. The distribution of reversals settles the matter: when foragers are removed, nurses take up foraging within 3 days regardless of age, which no account keyed to the individual's own clock predicts.
The primary purpose of the passage is to
A survey of 315 firms in the licensing sector found that most, though not all, respondents reported a gain in net revenue in the year following the rule change, though the median gain was under 7 percent. Respondents in the smallest size band reported losses more often than gains. The surveying body cautions that participation was voluntary and that firms that had closed during the year could not respond. Its published summary states that the rule change 'coincided with' the reported gains; it makes no claim about what produced them.
According to the passage, which one of the following is stated about the survey?
The city's ordinance requires a permit for any structure over 39 feet, and the zoning board may issue a permit only after a public hearing. In the year just ended the board held 43 hearings and issued 19 permits.
Which one of the following must be true on the basis of the passage?
The isotope ratios in the 23 samples from the eastern outcrop are consistent with a hydrothermal origin, and three laboratories have reproduced them. A minority of geologists maintains that the same ratios arise from contamination during drilling, and one contaminated core has been documented. No study has yet measured the ratios in samples drilled with the newer sealed equipment, which the reviewing panel recommends.
Which one of the following is most strongly supported by the passage?
Critics of the period used 'plastic' as a term of praise: a plastic line was one the performer could reshape without breaking it. The word carried no suggestion of the synthetic, a sense that entered English usage some 75 years later. So when the critic writes that the phrasing of the younger players had grown 'plastic to the point of formlessness', the charge is not artificiality. It is the loss of a shape firm enough to be deformed.
As it is used in the passage, 'plastic' most nearly means
For 56 years the standard account held that the epidemic spread along trade routes. The account rests on a correlation between outbreak dates and caravan records. Two objections have been raised: the records survive for only 36 percent of the routes, and outbreaks appear at three sites no caravan reached. Proponents have answered the first objection by sampling, and have revised the account to admit a second vector for the three sites. The revised account is weaker than the original in one respect and stronger in another: it explains more cases and predicts fewer.
Which one of the following most accurately describes the organization of the passage?
Attempts to detect the drift began in the 1872s and continued for 46 years without result. The apparatus of the final attempt was sensitive to a shift 38 times smaller than the one predicted, and its null result was not seriously disputed. I do not rehearse this history to argue that the drift does not exist. I rehearse it because the experiments were designed around a single assumption about the medium, and the proposal I make below abandons that assumption while keeping everything else those designers believed.
The author's account of the 46-year sequence of attempts functions primarily to
On the account defended here, a sanction is restorative when three conditions hold: the offender performs the repair personally, the victim's specification of the harm governs what counts as repair, and the offender's participation is not secured by the threat of a heavier penalty. Programs that satisfy the first two conditions but not the third are common; in 17 of the 34 jurisdictions surveyed, participation is offered in place of a custodial term.
Which one of the following sanctions counts as restorative on the account defended in the passage?
The critic praises the restoration of the north transept, in which 40 percent of the original stone was replaced, and condemns the restoration of the nave, in which 20 percent was replaced by the same firm using the same method. The difference she draws is not one of degree. The transept's replacements are cut to a profile documented in the fabric rolls; the nave's are cut to a profile the restorer inferred from what he took to be the builder's intention.
Which one of the following principles underlies the critic's two judgments?
The author's claim about the treatment is this: it produces its effect in 64 percent of patients, but the effect is produced by the patient's expectation rather than by the compound, and the compound is needed because nothing else sustains that expectation over the 8 weeks the effect takes to appear.
Which one of the following is most closely analogous to the author's claim about the treatment?
The Author's Attitude, Revealed in Tone and Language
The program's designers set out to reduce the caseload in 12 districts, and the aim was overdue. The instrument they chose was a survey administered at intake, which the designers describe as validated; the validation consisted of 15 interviews conducted by the designers themselves. Nothing in the published account suggests bad faith. It suggests, rather, that an ambition worth pursuing was entrusted to a measure no one outside the project has tested.
The author's attitude toward the program is most accurately described as
Rates of the disorder in the city fell by 37 percent between the two surveys. The author attributes the fall to the replacement of the water pipes, which began in the year of the first survey and finished 9 years later. Critics attribute it instead to the closure of the smelter in the same period. The author replies that the decline is steepest in the districts where replacement came first.
Which one of the following, if true, most weakens the author's reply to the critics?
Prep-Industry Question Names vs. LSAC's Ten Targets
A commercial prep book prints 11 named reading question types and tells its readers that these are the official LSAT categories, so that each of the 28 stems in an official section must fall under one of them. Which one of the following is the most accurate correction of the book's claim?
The 93 inscriptions from the site record grain payments, not sales, and the quantities rise in each of the 16 years they cover. The excavator infers a growing population. A rise in recorded payments would also follow from a change in what the administration chose to record, and the last 6 years of the sequence coincide with a new scribal hand.
Which one of the following answer choices would be wrong because it claims more than the passage supports, rather than because it raises a matter the passage does not discuss?
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