⚖️LSAT®

Premises, conclusions and the load-bearing gap between them, with an argument taken apart block by block before any question type is named.

Premises and Conclusions · Finding the Conclusion When It Is Not Last · Conclusion and Premise Indicators · Subsidiary and Intermediate Conclusions · +5 more

The missing block: what an argument needs to be true, what would make it certain, and why confusing those two is the costliest error in the section.

What an Unstated Assumption Is · Necessary Assumptions · The Negation Test · Sufficient Assumptions · +5 more

Every named way an argument goes wrong, from circular reasoning to percentage-versus-number, each drawn as the exact spot where the structure fails.

Flaw in the Reasoning as an Abstract Description · Ad Hominem and Source Attack · Circular Reasoning · Equivocation · +15 more

What an argument does rather than whether it works: method, role, main point, where two speakers clash, and structures matched skeleton to skeleton.

Method of Reasoning · Common Argumentative Techniques · Role of a Statement · Main Point and Main Conclusion · +5 more

The section as a machine: the four-section format, the 120-180 scale, prephrasing, answers that are true but wrong, and 35 minutes of budget.

The Current Four-Section Format · The 120-180 Scale and the Raw Score Conversion · LSAC's Published Abilities Versus the Prep-Industry Type Names · Reading the Question Stem First or Last · +5 more

The engine under both scored LR sections: arrows from sufficient to necessary, the one valid transformation, the two invalid ones, and quantifier circles.

Sufficient and Necessary Conditions · Sufficient-Condition Indicators · Necessary-Condition Indicators · The Contrapositive · +12 more

The single most common argument on the section: an arrow claimed between two events, and the four other pictures that fit the very same data.

What a Causal Claim Asserts · Correlation Is Not Causation · Reversed Causation · The Third Cause · +4 more

LSAC's evidence-effect family drawn as a balance: strengthen, weaken, evaluate, justify and the EXCEPT stems that invert all of them.

Strengthen Questions · Weaken Questions · Attacking the Link, Not the Premises · Evaluate the Argument · +3 more

Drawing well-supported conclusions: must be true, most strongly supported, cannot be true, completing a passage, and the answer drawn one step too far.

Must Be True · Most Strongly Supported · Cannot Be True · Complete the Passage · +3 more

Identifying and applying rules, plus LSAC's tenth ability: telling an explanation from an argument and resolving facts that only look like they collide.

Principle: Identify · Principle: Apply and Conform · Principle: Strengthen and Justify · Principles versus Assumptions · +4 more

LSAC's ten official targets, the prep-industry names everyone actually uses for them, and the four wrong-answer shapes that repeat across all ten.

The Main Idea (Main Point) · Primary Purpose (the Author's Verb) · Explicitly Stated Information (Detail) · Information That Can Be Inferred · +11 more

One set can arrive as a PAIR of short passages under one question set, related as generalization/instance, principle/application, or point/counterpoint.

What a Comparative Reading Set Is · Generalization and Instance · Principle and Application · Point and Counterpoint · +7 more

Structural reading: whose voice is speaking, where the author arrives, what to mark, what to let go, and how to spend 35 minutes across four sets.

The Author's Voice vs. Views Merely Reported · Pivot Words and Where the Author Arrives · Marking Claim, Counterclaim, Evidence and Concession · How Much Detail to Absorb on a First Pass · +8 more

Law, the sciences, the humanities and the social sciences each break differently, and knowing the subject already is usually a liability rather than an edge.

Law-Related Passages · Biological and Physical Science Passages · Humanities Passages · Social Science Passages and Competing Theories · +2 more

The unscored essay that gates your score: 15 minutes of prewriting, 35 minutes to take a position on a debatable issue and answer a rival perspective.

The 50-Minute Format: 15 Minutes Prewriting, 35 Minutes Writing · Unscored but Required: The Essay That Gates Your Score · The Prompt: A Debatable Issue and Three or Four Perspectives · Using the Prewriting Tool · +8 more

Four 35-minute sections with one unscored, a 120-180 scale built from a raw count, a score band around every number, and the August 2026 interface.

Four 35-Minute Sections: Two Logical Reasoning, One Reading Comprehension, One Variable · The Unscored Variable Section · The 10-Minute Intermission · Raw Score to Scaled Score: The Conversion Table · +10 more

Logic Games left the LSAT in August 2024. Kept as history: old prep books and LSAT-India still use it, and the skills moved into Logical Reasoning.

What Analytical Reasoning Measured, and Why It Is Gone · Why LSAC Replaced Logic Games With a Second Logical Reasoning Section · The Three Relationship Types: Spatial, Ordering in Time, Group Membership · The Setup, the Rules, and the Deduction Chain · +14 more