ACT® · English: Punctuation Conventions
Possessive Pronouns Never Take an Apostrophe
Possessive pronouns such as hers, theirs, its, and whose already show ownership through their spelling, so none of them ever gets an apostrophe. An apostrophe in these words always signals a contraction instead.
Regular nouns need an apostrophe to show ownership: the team's mascot, the architect's drawings. Pronouns work differently. English built a separate set of possessive forms for pronouns a long time ago: mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, theirs, whose. Ownership is already baked into the word itself, so there's no job left for an apostrophe to do. Adding one doesn't add meaning; it just breaks the spelling of a word that already means what you want.
This is why 'their's' and 'her's' aren't real words at all, even though 'the team's' and 'the dog's' are correct right next to them. The noun needs the apostrophe to borrow possession; the pronoun already owns it. The same logic explains its versus it's, and whose versus who's. Its and whose are possessive. It's and who's are always contractions: it's means 'it is' or 'it has,' and who's means 'who is' or 'who has.' If you can't expand the word into 'is' or 'has' and have the sentence still make sense, the apostrophe doesn't belong there.
This sits inside the bigger punctuation question of what an apostrophe is actually for: joining two words into one (contraction) or marking possession on a noun. Possessive pronouns fall outside both jobs in their usual spelling, which is exactly why they break the pattern. Spotting a possessive pronoun standing alone, as in 'The red one is hers' or 'The choice was theirs,' confirms the same rule: no apostrophe, no noun attached, ownership is simply the word's meaning.
Key terms
- possessive pronoun
- A pronoun whose spelling already shows ownership, such as hers, ours, theirs, its, or whose.
- contraction
- Two words shortened into one with an apostrophe marking the missing letters, like it's for it is.
- apostrophe
- A punctuation mark used only for contractions or to show possession on nouns, never on possessive pronouns.
- antecedent
- The noun a pronoun refers back to, which determines what the pronoun's ownership actually points to.
Watch it explained
- How it worksHow do possessive pronouns bake ownership into their spelling, leaving no gap for an apostrophe?
- Common mistakeWhy isn't 'their's' a word, when 'the team's' needs an apostrophe to say the very same thing?
- Common mistakeWhy doesn't 'whose' take an apostrophe while 'who's' always carries one?
- Going furtherWhat changes when a possessive pronoun stands alone, as in 'The red one is hers'?
Check yourself
End of topic.