AP® English Language and Composition · The Exam: Section I, Multiple-Choice
Section I: Deleting and Reordering a Sentence
These questions ask whether cutting or moving a sentence helps or hurts a paragraph, so you have to trace what the sentence sets up or depends on, not just whether it sounds off-topic.
A sentence can break a paragraph in a direction you don't expect. Writers build sentences to lean on each other: a term gets defined in one line and reused in the next, a claim gets made and then qualified. When you delete a sentence, the damage often shows up downstream. The sentence right after the one you cut may contain a pronoun, a reference, or a transition word that only makes sense if the deleted sentence is still there. So the real test isn't 'does this sentence matter on its own' but 'does anything later in the paragraph depend on it.'
To check this, read the sentence before the gap, skip the deleted one, and read straight into the sentence after it. Ask whether every pronoun, every 'these' or 'that' or 'this process,' still has something to point back to, and whether the logical connector between sentences still makes sense. If a sentence starting with 'these units' or 'this ruling' suddenly has nothing to attach to, the deletion broke the paragraph even though the sentence you removed looked like the problem.
Reordering works on the same logic but changes relationships instead of removing them. Moving a concession from the end of a paragraph to the start doesn't just shuffle sentences, it changes what the paragraph is doing: a concession at the end qualifies a claim you already made, while the same concession at the start becomes the thing the rest of the paragraph answers. These questions sit next to questions about transitions and about a draft's overall organization, because all three ask you to track how one move ripples through the structure around it, not just the sentence itself.
Key terms
- Reference
- A word like this, these, or that standing in for something named in an earlier sentence.
- Concession
- A sentence that grants a point against the writer's own argument before or after making a claim.
- Focus
- The specific idea or claim a stem asks you to protect or sharpen when choosing what to cut.
- Downstream effect
- A break that shows up in a sentence after the one actually deleted, because it depended on the missing sentence.
Watch it explained
- How it worksHow do you check whether a paragraph still holds together after losing one of its sentences?
- Worked exampleShow me what breaks if you delete a definition sentence from a paragraph whose next line says these units.
- Going furtherWhat happens to a paragraph's argument when its concession sentence is moved to the front?
- Common mistakeWhy isn't the off-topic sentence always the one a deletion question wants removed?
Check yourself
End of topic.