Jentoo™/Music Theory
← Music Theory

Unit 7: Harmony and Voice Leading IV: Secondary Function

  1. Tonicization and Secondary Dominants
  2. Spelling Secondary Dominant Chords
  3. Which Chords Can Be Tonicized
  4. Part Writing Secondary Dominants
  5. Chains of Secondary Dominants and Irregular Resolutions
  6. Secondary Leading-Tone Chords
  7. Spelling and Hearing Secondary Leading-Tone Chords
  8. Part Writing Secondary Leading-Tone Chords
  9. From Tonicization to Modulation

AP® Music Theory · Unit 7 · Topic 7.1

Tonicization and Secondary Dominants

Watch it drawn5 questionsPractice

Watch it explained

  1. How it worksHow does a secondary dominant borrow the V chord of a key you are not actually in?→
  2. How it worksWalk me through reading the slash in V of V as dominant of the dominant.→
  3. Worked exampleFind the notes of the V of V chord in C major and the accidental it requires.→
  4. Common mistakeWhy isn't a tonicization the same thing as a modulation?→
  5. Ties togetherHow does a series of tonicized chords develop into a full pivot-chord modulation to a new key?→

Check yourself

Your turn1 of 2
A secondary dominant borrows an accidental not in the home key's signature to tonicize a target chord. A passage tonicizes 5 different chords in a row, each needing exactly one such borrowed accidental. How many total borrowed accidentals does the passage contain?

End of topic.

Next: Spelling Secondary Dominant Chords →
←Next topic →
More visual guides
BiologyChemistryPhysics 1Physics 2Physics C: MechanicsPhysics C: E&MEnvironmental ScienceCalculus ABCalculus BCStatisticsPrecalculusMicroeconomicsMacroeconomicsUS GovernmentComparative GovernmentPsychologyComputer Science ACS PrinciplesUS HistoryWorld HistoryEuropean HistoryHuman GeographyArt HistoryEnglish LanguageEnglish LiteratureSAT®ACT®

Made by Jentoo. Reading and practice are free with no account; lessons are free up to a daily limit. AP® is a trademark registered by the College Board, which is not affiliated with, and does not endorse, this product.

PricingTermsPrivacyWithdraw from contractCancel contractSupport© 2026 Jentoo AI, Inc.