SAT® · Reading and Writing: Expression of Ideas
Indeed Versus However
Indeed signals that what follows confirms and strengthens the claim just made; however signals that what follows cuts against it. Pick by comparing the two facts, not by ear.
Every connector question in this slot is really a comparison problem. The sentence before the blank makes a claim. The sentence after it gives a new fact. Your job is to decide whether that new fact agrees with and extends the claim, or whether it weakens or contradicts it. 'Indeed' is an escalating connector: it tells the reader the next fact is at least as strong as the first, often stronger. 'However' is a reversing connector: it warns the reader that the next fact pulls in the opposite direction, usually by falling short of what the first sentence led you to expect.
The mechanism is arithmetic as much as grammar. If the second number or result beats or matches the first, the claim is being doubled down on, so escalate. If the second number undercuts the first, the connector has to turn against it. A device that runs a month in the lab and then logs even more days in the field gets 'indeed' because the field confirms and exceeds the lab claim. A battery that holds its charge well on a test rig but fades faster in real vehicles gets 'however' because the real-world figure disappoints the rig figure.
Watch for claims that are already hedged or understated, like a report calling something 'reasonably well preserved.' When the real figure behind a modest claim turns out to be dramatic, you still need an escalating move, but 'indeed' can sound redundant next to a claim that was never strong to begin with. In that case a phrase like 'more than that' does the same escalating job while signaling that the writer is correcting an understatement, not just adding support. This topic sits right next to other transition questions in the same block, where the skill is always the same: read both sentences, decide agree or disagree, then pick the word that matches.
Key terms
- Escalating connector
- A transition word like 'indeed' that signals the next sentence confirms and strengthens the prior claim.
- Reversing connector
- A transition word like 'however' that signals the next sentence contradicts or weakens the prior claim.
- Understated claim
- A deliberately modest statement that the following fact reveals to be stronger than it sounded.
- Logical transition
- The connector that accurately reflects the relationship between two adjacent claims or facts.
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